Passive intermodulation (PIM) is a huge headache for mobile network operators. PIM can materially impact network performance while also costing operators time and money as they work to identify the ...

Excel’s charting function adds nonharmonic frequency components to a cosine wave. In Part 1 and Part 2 of this series, we looked at intermodulation — what it is and how to apply it to ...

Sensorless control offers many advantages for the operation of electrical machines. Being able to operate the machine via field-oriented control without relying on the encoder greatly increases the ...

A mixer can upconvert and downconvert a modulated signal with no loss of baseband information. It depends on the modulation scheme. Here is the equation for a version of amplitude modulation (AM) ...

Abstract: Passive intermodulation (PIM) fault troubleshooting faces the problems of high time and labor costs. This paper proposes a method for locating PIM sources based on a neural network. By ...

A method to predict intermodulation (IM) products of two tone test based on Amplitude to amplitude (AM-AM) and amplitude to phase (AM-PM) diagrams of power amplifier is proposed in this paper. An RF ...

The mixer generates intermediate freqeuency (IF) signals that result from the sum and difference of the LO and RF signals combined in the mixer: These sum and difference signals at the IF port are of ...