The microcontroller’s CPU reads program code from memory, one instruction at a time, decodes each instruction, and then executes it. All memory content—both program code and data—is in binary form: ...

This article presents an introduction of microcontrollers as the first part on the series Embedded Systems Programming. It describes the structure and operation of the microcontroller, and the purpose ...

What is a Real-Time Operating System (RTOS), and what does “real-time” mean anyway? What are the various kinds of state machines, and how to code them efficiently in C? What is object-oriented ...