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  1. What does the "at" (@) symbol do in Python? - Stack Overflow

    An @ symbol at the beginning of a line is used for class and function decorators: PEP 318: Decorators Python Decorators - Python Wiki The most common Python decorators are: @property …

  2. What does colon equal (:=) in Python mean? - Stack Overflow

    In Python this is simply =. To translate this pseudocode into Python you would need to know the data structures being referenced, and a bit more of the algorithm implementation. Some notes about …

  3. slice - How slicing in Python works - Stack Overflow

    Python slicing is a computationally fast way to methodically access parts of your data. In my opinion, to be even an intermediate Python programmer, it's one aspect of the language that it is necessary to …

  4. What does [:-1] mean/do in python? - Stack Overflow

    Mar 20, 2013 · Working on a python assignment and was curious as to what [:-1] means in the context of the following code: instructions = f.readline()[:-1] Have searched on here on S.O. and on Google …

  5. python - `from ... import` vs `import .` - Stack Overflow

    Feb 25, 2012 · I'm wondering if there's any difference between the code fragment from urllib import request and the fragment import urllib.request or if they are interchangeable. If they are …

  6. How do I declare custom exceptions in modern Python?

    By "modern Python" I mean something that will run in Python 2.5 but be 'correct' for the Python 2.6 and Python 3.* way of doing things. And by "custom" I mean an Exception object that can include extra …

  7. python - SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED with Python3 - Stack Overflow

    Sep 2, 2017 · Go to the folder where Python is installed, e.g., in my case (Mac OS) it is installed in the Applications folder with the folder name 'Python 3.6'. Now double click on 'Install Certificates.command'.

  8. python - How to concatenate (join) items in a list to a single string ...

    Sep 17, 2012 · For handling a few strings in separate variables, see How do I append one string to another in Python?. For the opposite process - creating a list from a string - see How do I split a …

  9. python - Iterating over a dictionary using a 'for' loop, getting keys ...

    Mar 16, 2017 · In Python 3, the iteration has to be over an explicit copy of the keys (otherwise it throws a RuntimeError) because my_dict.keys() returns a view of the dictionary keys, so any change to …

  10. python - How do I list all files of a directory? - Stack Overflow

    Jul 9, 2010 · How can I list all files of a directory in Python and add them to a list?